De-shuttering Time
The de-shuttering time is related to the maturation of concrete and is temperature-dependent. Formwork must not be hammered until the concrete has reached a strength at least twice that of the stress to which …
Process
Defects of Paints
Defects in paints appear during or immediately afterward the application of paint to walls. “Paint Defects” is one of the three most constant markers when examining for “previous repairs” that might eventually suggest structural …
Conceptual Sketches
A conceptual sketches is more than just a labelled graphic. It can be as simple as a series of drawings, concepts, and explorations, or as detailed as design images, suggestive plans, sections, and elevations, …
Residual Soil
Residual soil formed by weathering of bedrock with no lateral movement, glacial moraine/outwash moved laterally, and soil/air containing elements that may have percolated upward from deep in vapour form. Residual soils typically retain the …
Levelling
Levelling is used to determine the height of the given points above or below the datum line or to set the required height above or below the datum line in the given points. It …